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The van Deemter model (section 5.4.5) indicates the two dominant mass transfer limitations that spread the MTZ in the range of our experiments are eddy diffusion axial dispersion effects (“A” term) and mass transfer resistance in the particle (“C” term). Axial dispersion effects due to eddy diffusion have previously been demonstrated to be significant for the particle size used in small scale processes.26, 28, 31 However, according to the van Deemter model, the axial dispersion contribution to MTZ spreading is constant as cycle time decreases, similar to the contribution of heat effects under adiabatic conditions. This is not the case for the “C” term in the van Deemter model, dominated by macropore diffusional resistance, whose contribution to MTZ spreading does increase with velocity. Earlier, it was demonstrated a transition from axial dispersion control to macropore diffusion control exists for small LiLSX particles as gas velocity increases. This transition occurs because the contribution to MTZ spreading from eddy diffusion axial dispersion effects are not a function of gas velocity while the contribution from macropore resistance does depend on velocity. As velocity increases (especially in the range of fast PSA experiments), the axial dispersion contribution to the MTZ becomes less important relative to the macropore diffusion contribution. Since the macropore diffusional resistance contribution to MTZ spreading is the only limitation causing additional MTZ spreading in the experimental range of this study, it is reasonable to conclude the existence of a minimum BSF is primarily due to macropore resistance. 135PDF Image | LIMITS OF SMALL SCALE PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION
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