Modelling and Simulation of Twin-Bed Pressure Swing Adsorption Plants

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Modelling and Simulation of Twin-Bed Pressure Swing Adsorption Plants ( modelling-and-simulation-twin-bed-pressure-swing-adsorption- )

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III List of Figures VI Fig. 3.4-1 Fig. 3.5-1 Fig. 3.5-2 Fig. 4.1-1 Fig. 4.1-2 Fig. 4.2-1 Fig. 4.2-2 Fig. 4.3-1 Fig. 4.5-1 Fig. 4.5-2 Fig. 4.5-3 Fig. 4.5-4 Fig. 5.1.1-1 Fig. 5.1.2-1 Fig. 5.1.2-2 Fig. 5.2.1-1 Fig. 5.2.2-1 Fig. 5.2.3-1 Fig. 5.2.3-2 Fig. 5.3.1-1 Fig. 5.3.1-2 Fig. 5.3.1-3 Fig. 5.3.1-4 Fig. 5.3.1-5 Fig. 5.3.1-6 Fig. 5.3.1-7 Fig. 5.3.2-1 Heat of adsorption of oxygen and nitrogen evaluated by the Clausius- Clapeyron method; represented by polynomial functions.............................. 31 Mass transfer in adsorbent particle................................................................. 31 Kinetic curves of relative uptake calculated from adsorption isotherm data of synthetic air .................................................................................................... 33 Internal structure of CMS; and general pore size distribution of CMS ......... 35 Adsorbent Shirasagi MSC CT-350 ................................................................ 36 Scheme of the PSA experimental set-up ........................................................ 36 The feed gas preparation and pre-treatment section; the twin-bed PSA plant section; and the product and tail gas analytics section................................... 38 Valves operation scheme in the reference cycle ............................................ 40 Flow rate of process streams during the PSA cycle ....................................... 43 Pressure in adsorbers during the PSA cycle................................................... 43 Normal distribution of the air demand at different product purity levels ...... 45 Simulated distribution of the relative error δsim for the air demand at different product purity levels....................................................................................... 46 PSA performance at different operating temperatures ................................... 48 PSA performance at different adsorption pressures ....................................... 50 Graphical representation of fractional uptake rates of oxygen and nitrogen together with their difference Δ...................................................................... 51 PSA performance at different half-cycle times .............................................. 53 PSA performance at different purge proportionality factor ........................... 56 Experimental and simulated pressure profiles during the blow-down step at product purity of 1000 ppm O2 at different cutting times .............................. 57 PSA performance at different cutting time..................................................... 58 Experimental PSA performance at various controlled flow resistances in the piping system at reference process conditions at product purity level of 1000 ppm O2............................................................................................................ 61 Pressure in the adsorber columns after pressure equalisation at different stem positions of the equalisation valves (Top/Top + Bottom/Bottom) at reference process conditions at product purity level of 1000 ppm O2 ........................... 61 Experimental temperature profiles along the adsorbent fixed-bed at reference process conditions .......................................................................................... 64 Visual demonstration of the oxygen MTZ development with related favourable pressure equalisation strategy ...................................................... 64 Experimental and simulated PSA performance at various controlled flow resistances in the piping system at reference process conditions at product purity level of 1000 ppm O2 ........................................................................... 65 PSA performance at asymmetric pressure equalisation at reference process conditions at product purity level of 1000 ppm O2 ........................................ 67 PSA performance at asymmetric pressure equalisation at reference process conditions at product purity level of 10 ppm O2 ............................................ 68 PSA performance at different N2-receiver volumes....................................... 69

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