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1 Introduction 5 Fig. 1.1-2 Adsorption isotherms of oxygen and nitrogen on CMS adsorbent [16] Fig. 1.1-3 Fractional uptake rates of oxygen and nitrogen on CMS adsorbent [16] Regarding the N2-PSA technology, it is commonly accepted that the product purity comprises the content of both nitrogen and argon, since many industrial applications do not require an additional separation of inert gas mixtures. Consequently, the determination of the product purity is accomplished by assuming a binary gas mixture, where the difference to the oxygen concentration simply results in the nitrogen purity. Therefore, it is frequently assumed that the feed mixture consists of oxygen and nitrogen gases at approximate concentrations of 20.9 vol.-% O2 and 79.1 vol.-% N2. The introduced simplification originates in the irrelevance of other air components for studying the system due to their significantly lower concentrations in relation to oxygen and nitrogen. However, despite the presented assumption, it is important to declare that the product stream of N2-PSA technology is predominantly a mixture of nitrogen and argon; and the tail-gas stream is predominantly a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, argon, and carbon dioxide. The air compression is the key aspect of operating costs, while the bed size is the dominating factor in capital costs [17]. Similar to membrane plants, N2-PSA systems require an over- proportional air demand with increasing nitrogen purity. Hence, the operation of high-purity PSA plants motivates a particular interest in process optimisation with a focus on the reduction of air demand, without increasing the number or volume of adsorber columns.PDF Image | Modelling and Simulation of Twin-Bed Pressure Swing Adsorption Plants
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