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5 Validation of the mathematical model 59 rather insensitive to the cutting time, it is recommended to operate the PSA unit without the adoption of cutting, while using Shirasagi MSC CT-350, wherever the process conditions are corresponding. At the lower product purity level of 1000 ppm O2, the relative error of the PSA simulation increases slightly with the cutting time; however, this effect is statistically insignificant. Surprisingly, the opposite and much more pronounced trend is detected at the higher product purity level of 10 ppm O2. Since the precision of the calculated equilibrium loading at 20 °C increases with the system pressure, as shown in Fig. 3.3-3b, the elevated pressure at the end of the half-cycle could be a reason for an overall decrease in the relative error of the PSA simulation. Tab. 5.2.3-1 PSA performance at different cutting times at product purity of 1000 ppm O2 0 59 0.0485 97.35 97.60 -0.257 3.18 3.147 10 49 0.0584 93.9 95.40 -1.597 3.17 3.126 Tab. 5.2.3-2 PSA performance at different cutting times at product purity of 10 ppm O2 0 59 0.0485 29.64 26.14 11.795 7.78 8.601 10 49 0.0584 30.10 30.65 -1.825 7.42 7.281 5.3 Effect of plant design 5.3.1 Flow resistances in the piping system 1.038 1.388 -10.553 1.873 Cutting time [s] Purge time [s] Purge flow rate [m3n/h] Productivity [m3n/h N2 / m3 CMS] Air demand [m3n/h air / m3n/h N2] EXP SIM Φ [%] EXP SIM Φ [%] 5 54 0.0530 95.85 97.15 -1.352 3.16 3.125 1.108 15 44 0.0650 91.5 93.21 -1.865 3.18 3.129 1.604 Cutting time [s] Purge time [s] Purge flow rate [m3n/h] Productivity [m3n/h N2 / m3 CMS] Air demand [m3n/h air / m3n/h N2] EXP SIM Φ [%] EXP SIM Φ [%] 5 54 0.0530 30.10 29.31 2.616 7.49 7.685 -2.603 15 44 0.0650 30.10 30.95 -2.831 7.20 7.097 1.431 The rates of pressure build-up and fall-off influence the main driving forces of adsorption and desorption during the PSA cyclic operation. Hence, the issue of pressure drop in the system comes to the fore when optimising the process performance. Whereas the column dimensions and armatures, together with the size of the adsorbent pellets, are selected at the plant design stage, the performance of already existing PSA plants can still be improved by the proper adjustment of controlled flow resistances in the piping system. Therefore, the influence of the regulation of controlled flow resistances in the piping system on the PSA performance indicators is investigated at reference process conditions at a product purity level of 1000 ppm O2. Experimental results are presented in Tab. 5.3.1-1 and Fig. 5.3.1-1. As demonstrated in Fig. 5.3.1-1, controlled flow resistances in the piping system have an evident impact on the dynamic behaviour of the PSA system and, thus, a significant effect onPDF Image | Modelling and Simulation of Twin-Bed Pressure Swing Adsorption Plants
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