Operation and Control of Pressure Swing Adsorption Systems

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Operation and Control of Pressure Swing Adsorption Systems ( operation-and-control-pressure-swing-adsorption-systems )

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Chapter 1 Introduction Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) is at the forefront of gas separation technology. Since its commercial inception in late 1950s, PSA technology has evidenced sub- stantial growth in terms of size, versatility and complexity [137, 174]. Modern PSA systems, used widely in the gas separation industry can vary from two adsor- bent bed separating air, to sixteen bed system producing pure hydrogen in excess of 100,000 Nm3/hr [170]. However, despite the sharp growth and technological developments, PSA design process is still strongly dependent upon experimental procedures [146] to test and evaluate the impact of various design and opera- tional decisions on its real time performance. The primary reason for this is the level of complexity a PSA exhibits during the operational stage while on the other hand also offering great flexibility at both design and operational stages, requiring careful selection of important decision variables. PSA inherent dynamic nature is attributed to its periodic operation, where each bed in the PSA assembly undergoes a fixed sequence of processing steps, repeated in a cyclic fashion for achieving desired product purity (high pressure) as well as adsorbent regeneration (low pressure), simultaneously. The dynamic transition from one processing step to another for a given bed is performed by a 23

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