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Chapter 4. Explicit/Multi-Parametric MPC Control of PSA Systems 99.994 99.992 99.99 99.988 99.986 99.984 55.7 55.2 54.7 54.2 53.7 53.2 80 82 84 86 88 90 Adsorption time, sec Figure 4.11: Variation of hydrogen purity and recovery with adsorption time at CSS for the base case PSA Table 4.7: Parameters and critical regions for the reduced models derived in the system identification step Switching time (PSA cycles) model Number of parameters 7 11 19 No. of crit- ical regions 22 22 22 der 5 4 20 8 79 16 Best fit SS or- can be used to overcome this challenge. Note that a large adsorption time not only changes the time duration of adsorption phase (during which the impurities enter the bed) but also increases the time duration of impurity removal blowdown and purge steps. However, once the adsorbent is damaged due to over-saturation, even long duration impurity removal steps would not be enough for regenerating the bed to desired state. Similarly, large changes in the adsorption time (∆u in Eq. (5.20)) should also be constrained to avoid over saturation (+∆u) or avoid sudden surge of inflow (-∆u). A model based predictive controller (MPC) which incorporates the above men- 87 Purity, % Recovery, %PDF Image | Operation and Control of Pressure Swing Adsorption Systems
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