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Chapter 6. Design and Environmental Impact Analysis of a Hybrid PSA-Membrane Separation System framework to study the potential benefits of hybrid system. In their work they took H2/CH4 stream for separation and assigned recoveries of both components as the performance indicator. For the selected hybrid configuration, simulation results showed that both hydrogen recovery and CH4 purity are better for the hybrid system as compared to the standalone PSA system [44]. All of the above findings justify the integration of membrane module with a PSA plant in order to improve the gas separation performance. The main motivation of this work is to conduct a detailed study towards design and performance assessment of hybrid PSA-membrane system, while probing the role of various decision variables, design tradeoffs and settings. The separation task is to obtain fuel-cell ready hydrogen with purity in excess of 99.99% from a multi-component gas stream containing H2, CO, CO2, CH4 and N2 at the mini- mum operating cost or maximum hydrogen recovery. Finally, life cycle analysis (LCA) method is utilized to analyze the environmental impact of the optimum hybrid system and compare it with a optimum stand alone PSA system. 6.2 Stand Alone Membrane Simulation Studies The main objective of performing simulation studies on a stand alone membrane module is to evaluate and compare its performance at various operating con- ditions related to the point of integration with the PSA system. Towards this purpose, two such possible locations have been considered in this study. In the first configuration “upstream”, the membrane module is placed upstream of the PSA, which means that the feed stream from PSA upstream unit will now enter the membrane module instead of going straight to the PSA unit. Since the mem- brane material (DDR) used for this is CO2 selective, a hydrogen-rich retentate (leaner in CO2) is expected to come out from the tube side, which is then fed to 142PDF Image | Operation and Control of Pressure Swing Adsorption Systems
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