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Chapter 6. Design and Environmental Impact Analysis of a Hybrid PSA-Membrane Separation System plot by the zero area value. The minimum value of GWP is found to be for a membrane area of 1 m2. 6.5.6 Conclusions A first-principles dynamic model based approach is chosen to design the membrane- PSA hybrid system. Preliminary investigation of standalone membrane module is conducted where membrane area and shell side pressure are varied to evaluate the membrane performance. It is found that increasing the area increases CO2 recovery and reduces purity for both the upstream and downstream configura- tions. However, for the same value of area, the downstream configuration offers better CO2 purity and recovery and is thus selected for integration with the PSA. Similar parametric study approach has been chosen to evaluate standalone PSA performance, and the results shows that PSA cycletime of 480 seconds offers the best possible performance. The results of standalone PSA and membranes stud- ies in a way prepare the base case for designing the hybrid. In order to design the hybrid system, a simulation based approach is employed as compared to the traditional dynamic optimization which is found to be too time computationally intensive to be applied to the hybrid system. In this approach, membrane area and PSA cycletime are varied over a range and hybrid performance variables are calculated. It is found that using low membrane area increases PSA hydrogen product recovery by over 10 % as compared to the standalone PSA. The designed hybrid process, like every chemical process also impacts the environment. An environmental impact analysis study is conducted to quantify the value of these impacts. This is compared with the stand alone PSA separation system achieving same hydrogen purity. Here, only emissions from the PSA process during the purge and blowdown operation are considered for the analysis as these emissions occur throughout the operating cycle of the plant. Global 161PDF Image | Operation and Control of Pressure Swing Adsorption Systems
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