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shifts tend to be small (0.1 - 0.8 eV) which further complicates the interpretation of the spectra. The Ag 3d peaks obtained from the Ag-LSX zeolite samples are shown in Figure 6. The observed Ag 3d binding energies for the silver zeolites and some other silver compounds are listed in Table 3. As a hydrated Ag-LSX sample is taken from room temperature to 450 C, there is an observable negative shift in the binding energy as referenced to the Fermi level. This shift is suggestive of some reduction of the silver cations in the zeolite. While this shift is an indication of silver reduction in the sample, the source of the silver could be either extraframework charge compensating cations or the excess surface silver that has been postulated for these materials. Nevertheless, the results indicate that there is reduction of some of the silver present in the Ag-LSX sample upon vacuum dehydration. Structural Characterization of Ag-exchanged Faujasites. Neutron powder diffraction data were analyzed using the Rietveld technique in conjunction with the GSAS (Generalized Structure Analysis System) suite of Larson and Von Dreele. 21,22 To determine the best expected fit to the data, the LeBail intensity extraction method was first used, in effect simulating a fit with an idealized crystallographic model.23 Background was fit using a Chebychev polynomial with a variable number of terms (between 8-12). Lattice constants and zero point shifts were then introduced and optimized. The peak asymmetry at low angles was treated using the model of Finger et al. and asymmetric peak broadening was treated using the model of Stephens.24,25 Scattering factors and lengths were set to standard values for neutral atoms, as supplied in the GSAS package. 20PDF Image | PSA USING SUPERIOR ADSORBENTS
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