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1.1. Adsorbents 3 measured as a function of time at the exit of the column. Step-change experiments were performed on the adsorbents studied in this work. Figure 1.3 shows an example of a breakthrough curve. It is possible to distinguish three regions. In region I, no adsorbate is detected in the effluent, since all adsorbate is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the column. In region II there is a progressive increase of the concentration of the adsorbate in the effluent, until when the concentration of the adsorbate in the effluent is the same as the initial concentration (region III). The adsorbent in the column is now saturated with adsorbate. Figure 1.3: Example of concentration profile during a breakthrough experiment. The concentra- tion of the adsorbate in the feed is 10%. To mathematically describe the breakthrough profile, a mass balance for a differential element of the adsorption column must first be derived. Figure 1.4 shows an element of the bed through which a fluid stream containing a concentration c(z, t) of an adsorbing species is flowing. Figure 1.4: Differential element in an adsorption column.PDF Image | Structured Zeolite Adsorbents for PSA Applications
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