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14 Experimental Figure 2.1: Structured substrates used in this work. The images show 100 (a), 400 (b), and 900 (c) cpsi ceramic cordierite monoliths. Table 2.1: Geometrical properties of supports used. Support type 100 cpsi 400 cpsi 900 cpsi Channel width, μm 1400 1100 800 Wall thickness, μm 700 100 70 2.1.2 Zeolite film growth Zeolite films were grown on the rinsed supports by first treating the supports with a 0.4 wt% cationic polymer solution for 10 minutes to render the surface positively charged. The polymer solution was prepared by diluting a commercial polymer mixture (Redifloc 4150, EKA Chemicals) in distilled water. The pH was adjusted to 8.0 by addition of a dilute ammonia solution. After charge reversal and rinsing with a 0.1 M NH3 solution to remove excess polymer solution, the substrates were treated in a 1 wt% seed sol (either FAU or silicalite-1) for 10 minutes and thereafter rinsed to remove excess seeds. After seeding, films were grown by hydrothermal treatment in a clear synthesis solution or in a synthesis gel. The molar composition of the synthesis mixtures are given in Table 2.2. The zeolite films were grown for different synthesis times at different temperatures (100 or 180◦) in an autoclave or in an oil bath under reflux and atmospheric pressure. The films were grown either in one long hydrothermal treatment or using a multiple step synthesis procedure. When performing synthesis in one long hydrothermal treatment, NaX films were grown in one long hydrothermal treatment with a duration of 4 or 9 h when using a clear synthesis solution or a synthesis gel, respectively; when performing a multiple step synthesis procedure, NaX films were grown in 5 steps of 1 h and 20 minutes in the clear synthesis solution. ZSM-5 films were grown in one long hydrothermal treatment with a duration of 12 h when using a synthesis gel. In addition, ZSM-5 films were also grown in a clear synthesis solution with a multiple step synthesis procedure consisting of 13 or 9 steps of 48 or 96 h, respectively.PDF Image | Structured Zeolite Adsorbents for PSA Applications
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