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3.2. Adsorption performance of structured adsorbents 29 intergrown crystals than the former sample. In addition, sediments with an average radius of about 5 μm are observed. Since most of the zeolite in this sample is com- prised of sediments, these sediments with their long diffusion paths, will have a major influence on the CO2 uptake during breakthrough experiments, as will be discussed later. Figure 3.9: Schematic representation of NaX samples grown in the clear synthesis solution (a) and in the synthesis gel (b). Figure 3.10 shows the CO2 isotherms (expressed in mmol/gsample) measured at 20◦ C on the NaX film samples grown in the clear synthesis mixture with the multiple step synthesis procedure on the 400 and 900 cpsi cordierite supports (a) and the traditional NaX adsorbents in form of beads (b). The CO2 adsorption capacities for the samples agree well with the observed weight gain and zeolite loading as expected. By considering the amount of sample loaded in the adsorption column and the CO2 adsorption capacity at 100 kPa, the CO2 adsorption capacity per column volume was calculated. The CO2 adsorption capacity per unit volume of the adsorption column loaded with the structured adsorbent grown on the 400 cpsi support is about 45 times lower than that for a packed bed of beads. This indicates that, by increasing the film thickness by 45 times to 67 μm, the adsorption capacity of the structured adsorbents may equal the one of NaX beads. However, for thicker films, internal diffusion limitations may become significant. Therefore, the structured adsorbents should be optimized as regarding film thickness and cell density. 3.2.2 Breakthrough profiles, Papers A-D & F Figures 3.11 (a, b) show the experimental breakthrough curves of the NaX film samples grown on 400 cpsi cordierite monoliths in the clear solution and in the gel at different flow rates (0.2, 0.5, and 1 l/min), respectively. The breakthrough front for the sample grown in the clear solution is characterized by a steep increase in the CO2 concentration, indicating an even flow distribution in the monolith channels and a very low resistance to mass transfer in the film. The breakthrough front for the adsorbent grown in the gel is much more dispersed, indicating a higher resistance to mass transfer in the sediments, which represent the main fraction of zeolite in this sample, as discussed earlier. ForPDF Image | Structured Zeolite Adsorbents for PSA Applications
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