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the volume of adsorbent needed to adsorb 167 g of CO2 much higher than what would be required if only 5A were used. Finite element modeling To investigate breakthrough behavior of CO2 flowing through a packed TSA bed, we solve the coupled mass and energy balances using Comsol Multi-PhysicsT M finite element software. We begin by modeling a representative portion of the TSA bed composed of 5A zeolite that Rosen et al.8 used in experiments which preferentially removed CO2 from a gas mixture containing N2, O2, and CO2. The values used for the adsorbent properties and constants in the finite element simulations are shown in Table 2.1. The diffusion constant used in the model is larger than that which theory predicts for molecular diffusion but includes a contribution for dispersion; this was necessary in order for the algorithm to treat sharp transitions properly. Initially, the bed was assumed to be saturated, simulating a bed after an ad- sorption half-cycle, then a series of desorption and adsorption half-cycles were simu- lated. During a desorption half-cycle, heaters in the bed were uniformally maintained at 200◦C , and it was assumed that the adsorbent bed was well insulated on all sides except for the outlet. An adsorption half-cycle was then simulated immediately after with the only source of cooling located in the feed stream, at conditions given in Table 2.1. The CO2 concentration at the outlet of a bed packed with 5A zeolite is shown in Figure 2.6 for the duration of the adsorption half-cycle. There is an initial peak in the concentration of CO2 out the outlet as the accumulated gas remaining after a desorption half-cycle is blown out in effect reducing the performance of the bed, after which breakthrough does not occur for another 1,000 seconds. Here it can be seen that any increased bed capacity from the addition of air plenums is negligible when 16PDF Image | TEMPERATURE SWING ADSORPTION COMPRESSION AND MEMBRANE SEPARATIONS
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