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CHAPTER III TEMPERATURE SWING ADSORPTION COMPRESSION: EFFECTS OF NONUNIFORM HEATING ON BED EFFICIENCY 3.1 Introduction There is a growing need to recuperate CO2 from fluid mixtures in many in- dustrial applications. The separation and capture of CO2 from flue gas due to the combustion of fossil fuels has received increased attention because of growing concerns of greenhouse gas emissions. The removal of CO2 is also important in the sweetening of natural gas since it is a frequent contaminant. Captured and purified CO2 can then be used in many applications such as the food and beverage industry, paper and pulp processes, and waste water treatment. Additionally, a long term goal is the sequestration of excess quantities of CO2. Apart from industrial applications, the capture of CO2 from fluid streams is of interest to NASA for air revitalization in space cabins and future in situ resource utilization (ISRU) programs. Walton and LeVan1 theoretically and experimentally investigated a novel three-step adsorption cycle for the removal and pressurization of CO2 from a 50% mixture with CO. This process would be used in the production of oxygen from the Martian atmosphere, which consists of 95% CO2 . In addition to the Mars ISRU program, CO2 is captured and removed in the air revitalization sys- tem currently employed in the United States On-Orbit Segment (USOS) life support system aboard the International Space Station (ISS), which consists of a 4-bed molec- ular sieve system called the carbon dioxide removal assembly (CDRA).5 Although the CDRA successfully maintains the CO2 concentrations below the guidelines set forth by NASA, it is insufficient for use in long-duration manned space flight missions, since the system is open-loop, i.e., discharging the captured CO2 out of the cabin into space and thereby losing a potential source of O2. The ISS then replenishes the lost 26PDF Image | TEMPERATURE SWING ADSORPTION COMPRESSION AND MEMBRANE SEPARATIONS
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