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Initially, the bed was assumed to be saturated, simulating an adsorbent bed after an adsorption half-cycle. Sets of hour long desorption half-cycles were then modeled in which a total amount of energy of 4600 kW·h supplied to the system remained constant but was allocated to the heaters differently via a constant flux at the surface of the heaters. During this step, the bed was modeled as being insulated on all sides except for the bed outlet, which was modeled as having a constant pressure. As the desorption process occurs, convection arising due to a pressure gradient caused by CO2 being released into the gas phase sweeps the fluid out of the bed. The fraction of the total energy supplied by the heaters varies in each simulation, ranging from both heaters supplying half of the total energy of the system to only one of the heaters supplying all of the energy. Example loading profiles produced by the finite element software are shown in Figures 3.2 through 3.5. Figures 3.2 and 3.3 depict the mass of CO2 adsorbed at 30 minutes and one hour, respectively, during the uniform heating desorption half-cycle. Figures 3.4 and 3.5 depict the mass of CO2 at 30 minutes and an hour respectively when only one heater is used during the desorption half-cycle. Next, one-hour long adsorption half-cycles were modeled with no blowdown of the bed. The feed conditions used are given in Table 3.1. During adsorption the bed is cooled only by the temperature of the feed stream, and essentially all remaining CO2 in the fluid phase is swept out of the bed in the first minute of the simulation. Desorption and adsorption half-cycles are repeatedly simulated until the system reaches a periodic state at which point the ratio of the mass of CO2 that is desorbed to the amount of total energy supplied is determined. The simulations were then repeated for two other values of the bed’s thermal conductivity to determine the importance of the numerical value of this parameter on performance. In the second set of simulations, the bed’s geometry was altered in a way so as to retain the same total volume, but double the effective thermal conductivity, i.e., 33PDF Image | TEMPERATURE SWING ADSORPTION COMPRESSION AND MEMBRANE SEPARATIONS
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