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As mentioned before, the high viscosity of PAO limits its mass flow rate through the microchannel. Therefore, rate of energy input into or removal from the microchannel is significantly lower, in turn decreasing the rate of heating or cooling of the adsorbent layer. Therefore, the rate of decrease in CO2 adsorbed concentration with PAO is smaller than that with water. The CO2 concentrations at the end of the desorption stage are depicted as points B and E, respectively, for zeolite 5A and silicalite. The cooling stage time, which is primarily dependent on heat transfer from the adsorbent layer to the HTF, is affected adversely by the high viscosity of PAO, as shown in Figure 2.11(b). It takes more than 23 s for PAO to cool the adsorbent layer to 25°C, while water does so in only 3 s. Because the Reynolds number during the cooling stage does not exceed 5, heat transfer coefficients for this laminar flow also remain small (1326 W m-2 K-1) due to the low thermal conductivity of PAO. The corresponding heat transfer coefficient for the flow of water during the cooling stage is 6215 W m-2 K-1. The final values of adsorbed CO2 at the end of the cooling stages are depicted by points C and F for the zeolite 5A and silicalite cases, respectively. The adsorbent swing capacities for the zeolite 5A–PAO and silicalite–water pairs for a temperature swing of 75°C are then calculated as the vertical distances between A and C, and D and F in Figure 2.10, which are 1450 and 2650 mol m-3, respectively. Additional problems arise during the displacement of liquid and purge stages with PAO as the HTF. Not only does it take longer to be displaced from the microchannel compared to water, but it also takes an unreasonable amount of time to be removed from the adsorbent layer. These results are due to the low volatility of PAO (one order of magnitude lower than water) and diffusion coefficient (two orders of magnitude lower 54PDF Image | TEMPERATURE SWING ADSORPTION PROCESSES FOR GAS SEPARATION
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