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H2O P RH C Flow Direction Check Valve RH C Flow meter Fan Metering Valve TP TP MFC Test Article Flow Direction Vacuum (CO2 & H2O) Figure 2. Rapid cycle amine test loop. T: temperature sensor, P: pressure transducer, RH: relative humidity sensor, C: carbon dioxide sensor, MFC: mass flow controller. 2. At the temperatures and pressures explored in this investigation, all gases behave according to the ideal gas equation of state, eq. 2. 3. Pressure drop throughout an adsorbent bed can be approximated utilizing the Blake-Kozeny rela- tionship. The Blake-Kozeny relationship is linear with velocity. However, due to superficial velocity variations as the cross-sectional area changes in the cylindrical unit, a non-linear pressure profile can develop within the cylindrical bed, eq. 3. 4. The rate of adsorption can be adequately described via a linear driving force potential, eq. 4. This expression is exact when mass transfer is controlling or a linear isotherm is used. Otherwise, this relationship generally provides a suitable approximation for non-linear isotherms.8 5. Gas and solid phases are in thermal equilibrium. In addition, the bulk density of the solid phase is presumed to be independent of temperature. Consequently, a single energy balance can be employed rather than treating the solid and gas phases independently, eq. 5. 6. Adsorption of CO2 is described by the Toth isotherm, eq. 6. The Toth isotherm is attractive as (A) it implies a chemisorptive monolayer adsorption mechanism which can be derived from first principles, (B) the Toth isotherm captures linear behavior at low pressures, and (C) the Toth isotherm can account forinhomogeneityofasurface.9 Anadditionalterm,r◦,hasbeenaddedtotheparametertinaneffort to capture cooperative adsorption between H2O and CO2. 7. Adsorption of H2O is described via a Freundlich isotherm, eq. 7. Limited experimental data for SA9T suggestswateradsorbsaccordingtoaTypeIIIsorptionprocess.10 Inaddition,thewaterisothermcan be collapsed onto a single curve via re-casting the isotherm into a relative humidity basis simplifying the analyses described herein. 8. A linear profile in gas flow rate has been assumed for all steps, eq. 8. This approach has been suggested byCruzetal.11 andhasahistoryofimplementationinvacuumswingadsorptionmodeling.12 Inorder 4 of 15 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics CO2 N2PDF Image | Vacuum Swing Adsorption Units for Spacesuit Carbon Dioxide and Humidity Control
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