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Chapter 5 Discussion The results show that it can be profitable to implement an ORC in a boiler station. The find- ings are not in line with the research by Eriksson [8], Sundberg [6] and Svensson [7] which found similar investments to be unprofitable. The differences are most likely due to the fact that small differences, e.g. in available thermal power, plant layout, operation, power rating and economic parameters, greatly affect the results. Therefore, the profitability of these kinds of investments needs to be assessed on a case-by-case basis. Furthermore, ORC technology is quickly progressing and the capital costs have decreased recently, which may make previous, earlier, research obsolete and in need of an update. The differences may also arise due to the fact that some authors may not have included the additional revenues incurred from a reduction in distribution cost and power charge fee, which together make up for a substantial share of the total revenues. To validate the results, the ORC manufacturers Againity and Svenska Rotor Maskiner (SRM) both provided estimations on the yearly power production for a certain power rating, shown in appendix A.5. The validation shows that the developed model in this thesis closely approximates the estim- ated power production by the commercial suppliers; the difference is 13% for Againity and 4% for SRM. The differences may be due to many different factors, however most likely due to differences in the TTD values of the heat exchangers and in the pump and expander isentropic efficiencies. It is also very likely that the assumed part-load operation characteristic differs in an actual system. The pressure over the expander also depends on the rotational speed of the generator. If the gener- ator is operating at a fixed rotational speed, then the pressure over the expander is reduced at low part-load operation. This can be understood by looking at the opposite scenario; by reducing the rotational speed of the generation, the pressure over the expander can be understood to increase. If the rotational speed is reducing such that is approaches zero, then the pressure over the expander will approach infinity. Therefore, the type of generator also influences the performance of the sys- 84PDF Image | Analysis of Organic Rankine Cycles for a Boiler Station
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