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Argon was the main working gas and carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas were added to the reaction. Various modifications to this device for the better decomposition of carbon dioxide are reported elsewhere12-16). One of the modification to this device is a confront electrode type plasma jet (Fig. 9). In this case, the distance between the two electrodes is gradually bigger in the direction towards the torch exit thus it is easier to adjust the location of the electrode spot than the conventional plasma jet. This enables the working gas (as well as the plasma jet) to flow in an axial direction. This makes it superior to other plasma jets in terms of reactive performance. The major problem of this method is to enhance the performance for the effective reaction such as dissociation of carbon dioxide and synthesis of CHx. The gas tunnel-type plasma jet was improved for a high-energy-type plasma jet shown in Fig. 10. The improvement was done in the ignition system (part A). The tungsten cathode for ignition was inserted from the hollow cathode of the gas tunnel-type plasma torch (part B) to the anode of the gas diverter nozzle before ignition, and pulled out after ignition by the high-frequency ignitor. Carbon dioxide gas was mixed with the working gas (argon) after the formation of the gas tunnel-type plasma jet. The experimental apparatus is shown in Fig. 11. . The plasma torch is located at the center of the end wall of the cylindrical vacuum chamber. For the generation of the gas tunnel type plasma jet, a DC power supply was used, and argon was used as the plasma forming gas. For the purpose of this investigation, carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas were mixed with the working gas. The experiment was carried out under a vacuum pressure condition. The control of the plasma parameter was possible by changing experimental conditions. The exhaust gas from the plasma jet was collected at the wall of the exhaust tube to the vacuum pump by the gas collector. From the measurement of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide contents, the efficiency of decomposition of carbon dioxide by the plasma jet was studied. The gas tunnel-type plasma jet was used to decompose carbon dioxide and the characteristics of this method were clarified by varying the plasma operating conditions. The result revealed by the fundamental experiment is the arc voltage of the plasma torch was increased with increase in the carbon dioxide mixing ratio. The thermal efficiency of gas tunnel type plasma using the mixing gas was = 65-80%, as the mixing ratio was increased, higher efficiency was obtained. The thermal efficiency was increased as the power input to plasma torch was increased. Transactions of JWRI, Vol.39 (2010), No. 1 Fig. 8 Schematic of gas tunnel type plasma torch. Fig. 9 Confront electrode type plasma jet. Fig. 10 Schematic of gas tunnel type plasma torch. Fig. 11 Experimental arrangement for production of carbon dioxide by gas tunnel type plasma jet. 15PDF Image | Carbon Dioxide Decomposition by Plasma Methods
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