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due to the structure of cross-section dependence on electron energy. e + AB(v1) → AB−(vi) → AB(v2) + e (3.17) Vibrational excitation is most effectively stimulated when Te ∼ 1 − 3 eV, which can result in reaction rate coefficients as high as 10−7 cm3/s [37]. In molecules like N2, CO2, and CO, much of the input energy can be transferred to vibrational excitation in non- thermal discharges because of this relation to electron energy. Similar to vibrational excitation, rotational excitation can also proceed resonantly via an intermediate ionized state, though the contribution of the multi-step event is much smaller than the low values of rotational energy quantum [37]. Besides excitation, molecular dissociation can also result from electron-neutral collisions. Electron impact dissociation can proceed in single or multi-step processes. Vibrational excitation leading to dissociation requires a non-direct step-by-step process in which molecules exchange vibrational energy until reaching the threshold for dissociation. However dissociation via electronic excitation is a direct process resulting from a single collision. Figure 3.2 shows the different intermediate transitions that can occur once a molecule is electronically excited to dissociation [37]. In excitation channel A, the molecule is excited to a repulsive state by an electron with energy greatly exceeding that required for dissociation. High energy neutral atoms are generated as a result. In channel B, the molecule is excited to an attractive state with energy exceeding the dissociation energy, though the resulting atoms are of lower energy. Similar to A, high energy atoms are the products of channel C where the molecule is excited to an attractive state that can lead to a transition to a low-energy repulsive state. As in channel C, channel D begins with an excitation to an attractive state which transfers to a high energy repulsive state leading to electronically excited products. Channel E requires the highest electron energies in which the molecule is 39PDF Image | CO2 Conversion in a Microwave Plasma Catalyst System
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