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excitation processes. Vibrational excitation shown in the solid line is the dominant process for low electron temperatures since the rate coefficient is the highest. Electronic excitation shown in the dotted line takes over around 7 eV and becomes the dominant process for electron impact excitation. Figure 3.11: CO2 electron impact rate coefficients. The first vibrational level and second electronic excitation level are shown as they are most dominant modes in this range of Te. In order to stimulate effective CO2 dissociation through vibrational excitation, the population of vibrationally excited molecules must be maintained. This requires that the vibrational temperature, Tv, exceed the gas temperature, T0, resulting in a degree of thermal non-equilibrium between Tv and T0. The CO2 molecules are linear in the form O=C=O and have three normal vibrational modes shown in Figure 3.12: asymmetric stretch mode, symmetric bending mode, and symmetric stretch mode. These vibrational modes only occur at the natural resonant frequency of the CO2 molecule and have discrete energy levels. Specifically, the asymmetric stretch mode of CO2 is of concern because it is predominantly excited by electrons with Te = 1-3 eV and the (VT) relaxation rate is slower for this mode than the symmetric vibrational modes. Also, the VV energy 56PDF Image | CO2 Conversion in a Microwave Plasma Catalyst System
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