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effect on CO2 conversion to CO. Since the catalyst is placed downstream of the plasma, there should be little interaction between radical and excited species and the catalyst material. The average time it would take particles to travel from the end of the plasma to the location of the catalyst is about 10−4 − 10−5 s at the largest gas flow rates experimentally used. However, the typical lifetime of even long-lived species is only 10−14 − 10−10 s [37]. Therefore it is highly unlikely that any excited species or radicals exist by the time they reach the catalyst material, and hence the catalyst must be influencing reactions between neutral ground state species. Specifically, the catalyst will enhance surface reactions given the large increase in surface area that the exiting gas must pass through before data collection at the RGA. The total surface area of a 2-cm-long monolith piece is about 30 cm2, compared to only 6 cm2 for a 2-cm-long section of tubing. This factor of 5 increase in surface area increases any possibility of collisional reactions with the surface. The catalyst was originally chosen to help lower the activation energy of the CO2 dissociation reaction since it has been shown that CO2 will dissociate on the surface of Rh [40,104]. In fact the production of CO on the surface of Rh increases with increasing temperature [40], representing conditions closer to the work of this dissertation. However the dissociation products, CO and oxygen, can also recombine on the surface before desorption can occur [104], leaving the original Rh-dissociated CO2 to desorb with a null CO production. If the Rh catalyst can facilitate the reverse reaction between CO and O on the surface resulting from surface-dissociation of CO2, then surely the plasma-created CO and oxygen hitting the surface can also participate in the reverse reaction. The reverse reaction, CO+O2 → CO2 +O, is an exothermic process and thus energetically favorable releasing 0.3 eV/mol. Therefore it is likely that some of the plasma-created CO and oxygen simply recombined on the catalyst surface to produce CO2 before exiting the discharge tube, ultimately lowering efficiencies. The sticking coefficients for 142PDF Image | CO2 Conversion in a Microwave Plasma Catalyst System
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