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7.1.2 Plasma System Characterization The plasma system was experimentally characterized for various Ar/CO2 flow rate ratios and MW power levels to determine optimum operating conditions for CO2 dissociation. The addition of CO2 to the pure Ar plasma caused several unexpected changes to the discharge. The effects of these changes can also be seen in the efficiency and temperature evaluations. The plasma cannot sustain itself at 2 kW with a pure CO2 discharge at atmo- spheric pressure. The MW energy is primarily stimulates vibrational excitation and not ionization, resulting in a lack of electrons. The OES spectrum of the Ar/CO2 plasma indicates that Ar acts as an electron source, as the Ar neutral emission lines are no longer present in the visible region. Thus the majority of Ar neutral species either become ions to sustain the plasma or are insufficiently excited to reach upper levels capable of emitting visible light on radiative decay. Once CO2 is added to the discharge, C2 becomes the dominant emitting species in the visible region, and the plasma glow visibly changes form light blue to green. Not only does the raw RGA spectrum indicate successful dissociation with peaks created for singly ionized CO and oxygen, but increasing power results in an increased flow of CO and oxygen exiting the discharge tube. Variation in Ar flow rate has no obvious affect on CO production. There is an unavoidable inverse relationship between energy efficiency and con- version efficiency of the dissociation process. Thus the highest energy efficiency achieved in the plasma system of 20% resulted in the lowest conversion rate of about 10%. 154PDF Image | CO2 Conversion in a Microwave Plasma Catalyst System
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