CO2 steam in transcritical Rankine cycles concentrated solar

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CO2 steam in transcritical Rankine cycles concentrated solar ( co2-steam-transcritical-rankine-cycles-concentrated-solar )

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Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Energy Procedia 49 (2014) 1138 – 1146 SolarPACES 2013 Comparison of CO2 and steam in transcritical Rankine cycles for concentrated solar power Abstract P. Garga, K. Srinivasanb, P. Duttac, and P. Kumard aPh.D. Candidate, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, INDIA bProfessor (Retd.), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, INDIA cProfessor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, INDIA dAssistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, INDIA. Email: pramod@mecheng.iisc.ernet.in Corresponding Author Email: High temperature, high pressure transcritical condensing CO2 cycle (TC-CO2) is compared with transcritical steam (TC-steam) cycle. Performance indicators such as thermal efficiency, volumetric flow rates and entropy generation are used to analyze the power cycle wherein, irreversibilities in turbo-machinery and heat exchangers are taken into account. Although, both cycles yield comparable thermal efficiencies under identical operating conditions, TC-CO2 plant is significantly compact compared to a TC- steam plant. Large specific volume of steam is responsible for a bulky system. It is also found that the performance of a TC-CO2 cycle is less sensitive to source temperature variations, which is an important requirement of a solar thermal system. In addition, issues like wet expansion in turbine and vacuum in condenser are absent in case of a TC-CO2 cycle. External heat addition to working fluid is assumed to take place through a heat transfer fluid (HTF) which receives heat from a solar receiver. A TC-CO2 system receives heat though a single HTF loop, whereas, for TC-steam cycle two HTF loops in series are proposed to avoid high temperature differential between the steam and HTF. © 2013 P. Garg. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license 1. Introduction Cost of solar field associated with a concentrated solar power (CSP) plant takes a major fraction from the total investments. To decrease the levelized cost of energy, one would like to increase the conversion efficiency of heat to electricity in a power block. In this regard, for low temperature (< 300 °C) power plants, organic fluids have been ©2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Selectionaannddppeerererveiveiwewbybtyhethsecisecniteifnictifciocncfeornefnecrencocme cmoimtteme iotfteSeoolafrPSAolCaErPSA2C01E3Su2n0d1er3ruesnpdoenrsribeislpitoynosfibPiSliEtyAoGf .PSE AG. Final manuscript published as received without editorial corrections. Keywords: Transcritical; Brayton cycle; solar power cycle; irreversibility; steam Rankine cycle 1876-6102 © 2013 P. Garg. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Selection and peer review by the scientific conference committee of SolarPACES 2013 under responsibility of PSE AG. Final manuscript published as received without editorial corrections. doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.123

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