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Chapter 1 Introduction The aviation community is considering with great attention the application of electrical tech- nology and power electronics to transport aircraft propulsion as it is viewed as a promising technological pathway to achieve the international environmental targets set for aviation. Growing environmental concern was translated into the declaration of goals for aviation by Europe and by the United States of America. The Flightpath 2050 program and corres- ponding Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda (SRIA) [1] as well as the NASA Envir- onmentally Responsible Aviation N+ series [2] aim at reduction in terms of emissions and external noise. Within the SRIA document, 75% reduction in emissions is targeted for the year 2050. Of this total 75% reduction target, 68% result from the combined improvement of advanced propulsion systems and airframe while the remaining 7% come from improvement in air traffic management. The fulfilment of the future goals will rely consequently in major- ity on the technological development of propulsion system. The consideration of electrical technology and power electronics is motivated by the grow- ing evidence that evolutionary improvement of the technologies might not be sufficient to fulfil these targets. As evaluated within the project SELECT [3] contracted by Northrop Grumman for NASA, the N+3 fuel burn goals could not be achieved assuming evolutionary improvements. Scenarios presenting the possible integrated benefits of combined evolutionary improved technologies [4] indicated that emission reduction in term of CO2 will fall short by around 8% of the target for the year 2035 and that the deficit becomes even more substantial with respect to the 2050 target. This trend can be best understood by the high maturity reached by contemporary technologies and in particular by the conventional propulsion sys- tem technology implemented in transport aircraft. Prospects for technological improvements have consequently reached an asymptote leaving not enough potentials for achieving the tar- gets. The introduction of innovative technologies and more specifically disruptive propulsion system technologies turns out to be essential in view of meeting the future goals for aviation. 1PDF Image | Conceptual Design Methods Hybrid-Electric Transport Aircraft
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