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3.2 Methods for Sizing and Performance of Hybrid-Electric Aircraft 53 SOC [%] SOCli mit [%] 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 50 100 150 200 Mission Time [min] Figure 3.19: Battery SOC profile versus mission time If the computed SOC at the end of the mission is below πππΆπππππ‘, the installed battery mass is increased by iteration. The πππΆπππππ‘ of the battery represents consequently an additional constraint in the sizing of hybrid-electric aircraft compared to a fuel-based only aircraft. Even if the energy required of a commercial transport aircraft is generally the sizing criterion for the battery mass, the electrical power required might be the sizing constraint according to the specific power of the battery and the operational utilization of the battery. Consequently, as described in Section 3.2.3.6 both criteria must be verified for the sizing of the battery mass. In addition, if the total fuel mass calculated is above the initial estimated fuel mass, the fuel mass is increased by iteration. The iteration for the fuel mass and the battery mass calculation needs to be both conducted until the convergence criteria are met. The main aircraft sizing parameters namely ππππ/ππππ and ππ‘ππ‘ππ/ππππ are determ- ined by iteration with respect to the analysis of the point performance constraints for low- and high-speed performance. When the performance constraints and the integrated mission performance are fulfilled, the aircraft is sized for its design transport task. 3.2.8 Summary of Hybrid-Electric Propulsion System Sizing Principles The sizing principles of hybrid-electric propulsion system developed in Section 3.2.6 and Section 3.2.7 are summarized in Table 3.3. taxi-out + takeoff climb cruise descent diversion + hold landing + taxi-in Battery SOC [%]PDF Image | Conceptual Design Methods Hybrid-Electric Transport Aircraft
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