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5.4 Parallel Hybrid Clean-Sheet Design 81 0 −5 −10 −15 −20 % −3% −8% −14 −13% Study Se ttings: −19% −20% Narrow−Body 180 PAX Hybrid Cruise Hp =50% use e= battery 0.75kWh/kg e = 1.0kWh/kg battery e = 1.5kWh/kg battery Cargo vol./ PAX = 0.14m3 −25 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 Design Range [nm] Figure 5.12: Relative change in block fuel versus relative change in block ESAR for a 𝐻𝑃 𝑢𝑠𝑒 of 50% during cruise [126] 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 42% 40% 30% 25% 20% 58% Study Settings: Narrow−Body 180 PAX Hybrid Cruise Hp =50% 0.75kWh/kg e= battery e = 1.0kWh/kg battery e = 1.5kWh/kg battery Cargo vol./ PAX = 0.14m3 use Design Range [nm] Figure 5.13: Relative change in MTOW for a 𝐻𝑃 𝑢𝑠𝑒 of 50% during cruise [126] in MTOW is amplified with greater ranges due to higher demand in electrical energy dur- ing cruise. This is the main reason why the potential in block fuel reduction vanishes with greater range. The break-even range indicates the point where the degradation resulting from the increase in MTOW starts to overcome the fuel consumption benefit provided by the utilization of electrical energy and the increase in propulsion system efficiency. The benefit Relative change in MTOW [%] Relative change in block fuel [%]PDF Image | Conceptual Design Methods Hybrid-Electric Transport Aircraft
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