Final Report Modifications and Optimization of the Organic Rankine Cycle to Improve the Recovery of Waste Heat

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Final Report Modifications and Optimization of the Organic Rankine Cycle to Improve the Recovery of Waste Heat ( final-report-modifications-and-optimization-organic-rankine- )

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5.3 Presentations The following presentations were made to DOE or in public forums: 1. DOE Industrial Technologies Program, 2008 Corporate Peer Review, “Energy Intensive Processes Portfolio Review,” Washington, DC, October 29, 2008. 2. Project Kickoff Meeting, Idaho Falls, Idaho, May 13–14, 2009. 3. DOE Industrial Technologies Program, “Portfolio Review,” Washington, DC, November 4, 2009. 4. GO/NO-GO Decision Meeting, Niskayuna, New York, June 3, 2010. 5. Development of a Direct Evaporator for the Organic Rankine Cycle, TMS 2011 Annual Meeting, San Diego, California, March 3, 2011. 6. DOE/EERE Industrial Technologies Program, “Energy Intensive Processes '08 Projects,” Portfolio Review Meeting, Golden, Colorado, June 14–15, 2011. 7. “Waste Heat Recovery Research at the Idaho National Laboratory,” Texas Industries of the Future Technology Forum on Low Temperature Waste Heat Recovery in Chemical Plants and Refineries, Houston, Texas, May 16, 2012. 5.4 Milestone Reports Five milestone reports were prepared and submitted to DOE: 1. Milestone Report 1, “Design and Modeling of Direct Evaporator,” Idaho National Laboratory, December 2009. 2. Milestone Report 2, “Direct Evaporator Leak and Flammability Concerns,” INL/EXT-11-23768, Idaho National Laboratory, September 2013. 3. Milestone Report 3, “Direct Evaporator Failure Modes Effects Analysis (FMEA) and HazOp Study,” Idaho National Laboratory, August 2010. 4. Milestone Report 4, “Working Fluid Decomposition,” INL/LTD-10-20378, Idaho National Laboratory, November 2013. 5. Milestone Report 5, “Prototype Test,” INL/EXT-12-27526, Idaho National Laboratory, September 2013. 6. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The direct evaporator shows promise for future ORC systems due to its simplicity and lower cost. Overall efficiency can be increased by eliminating the efficiency losses and costs associated with the oil loop. A prototype ORC system using direct evaporation technology has been fabricated and tested. The selection of an optimum ORC working fluid has been outlined. The conditions and constraints imposed on the thermodynamic analysis and heat exchanger design have been discussed. Safety risks recognized during the FMEA/HAZOP are given, along with mitigation strategies. Leak ignition processes are identified and the methodology employed in the flammability analysis is provided. Successful demonstration of the Direct Evaporator will facilitate the next stage of the ORegen ORC product line from GE. It will provide a more compact and less expensive follow-on product to the Gen-1 system currently available to customers. A market success for the current product will open a pathway for sales of the more advanced Gen-2 system employing the Direct Evaporator. 29

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