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Figure 3.1 Halide activity-pH diagram for gold-halide-water systems with 10-3 activity of Au(III) species in equilibrium with Au(OH)3(c) at 298K (Kelsall et al., 1993) As for recycling e-waste, the fundamental studies on the iodine/iodide leaching system have been studied (Xu et al., 2009; Sahin et al., 2015; Batnasan et al., 2018). Xu et al. reported that the gold extraction reached approximately 95% under the optimum conditions: the iodide concentration of 1.0-1.2%, H2O2 concentration of 1%-2%, leaching time of 4 hours, solid/liquid ratio of 1/10, pH 7 and 25°C (Xu et al., 2009). Sahin et al. performed a series of lab and pilot scale tests to investigate the selective leaching performance using iodine and H2O2 (Sahin et al., 2015). Prior to the iodine leaching, a sulfuric acid leaching with H2O2 was conducted at 80°C to remove more than 95% copper. The iodine leaching was then performed to treat the leaching residue from the copper removal. Sahin et al. reported that the leaching efficiency of gold was around 99.90% under the optimum leaching parameters: 3% iodine concentration, 1% H2O2 concentration, and 15% pulp density. In 2018, Batnasan et al. published an article on the recovery of valuable metals from waste printed circuit boards by using iodine-iodide leaching and precipitation (Batnasan et al., 2018). In their study, waste printed circuit boards were first treated by a two-step pre-treatment process, namely incineration and high pressure oxidative leaching (HPOL) with a dilute sulfuric acid solution. The pre-treatment removed a large number of volatile organic materials and base metals (Cu, Zn, Al, Ni and Fe). Subsequently, the solid residue from HPOL was then dissolved in 24PDF Image | HYDROMETALLURGICAL TREATMENT OF E-SCRAP
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