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Fig. 3.5 shows the stability of an Au-Br-H2O system at room temperature. It is obvious that gold is readily formed as AuBr4- ions, except for a narrow potential range (approximately 0.7-0.8 V) in which the AuBr2- ions are dominant. Compared to chlorine, bromine seems to offer a wider pH range for gold leaching. Supplemental thermodynamic data for the gold-bromine system is listed in Appendix B. Figure 3.5 Eh-pH diagram of Br-Au-H2O system at 25 °C ([Au]=10-5 M, [Br]=0.775M) (Stabcal) In terms of copper, silver, and palladium that generally can be found in waste printed circuit boards, it is necessary to investigate the thermodynamic properties of copper, silver and palladium in a bromide system. Thus, the Eh-pH diagrams for the systems of Ag-Br-H2O, Pd-Br-H2O and Cu-Br-H2O were constructed for [Br] = 0.775M and varying concentrations of silver, palladium and copper and are presented in Fig. 3.6, 3.7, and 3.8. Fig. 3.6 indicates that AgBr32- can be found across the entire pH range when the Eh value is below approximately 0.5 V. In the acidic solution, AgBr32- exists if the Eh value is less than 1.1 V. As shown in Fig. 3.7, copper can be dissolved as Cu2+ and CuBr+ in the region in which the Eh value is above 0.3 V and the pH is less than approximately 6. Moreover, there are four major palladium species that are dissolvable (Pd2+, 28PDF Image | HYDROMETALLURGICAL TREATMENT OF E-SCRAP
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