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A series of leaching experiments was conducted to investigate the effects of bromine concentration, sodium bromide concentration, temperature and selected inorganic acids (H2SO4, HNO3 and HCl). The results indicate that the concentration of bromine and sodium bromide are the most significant factors on bromide leaching. Temperature does accelerate the initial dissolution rate; however, it does not significantly shorten the leaching time. It also appears that the addition of hydrochloric acid can reduce the usage of sodium bromide. The kinetic results indicate that a combination of chemical and diffusion controlling is responsible for gold dissolution in waste printed circuit boards. A flowsheet that contained shredding, grinding, leaching, purification and recovery was proposed. A preliminary economic assessment based on the flowsheet proposed and published cost data indicates that the proposed process is not economically feasible, given that the operating cost is always higher than the revenue. The bromine cost accounts for approximately 30% of the operating cost, due to its high consumption and high price. The high consumption could be further explained by the fact that the base metals consume a considerable amount of bromine during the leaching process. Therefore, a study on a two-step leaching is suggested to first remove base metals using relatively inexpensive reagents and then leach precious metals via bromine/sodium bromide. 113PDF Image | HYDROMETALLURGICAL TREATMENT OF E-SCRAP
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