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Chapter 3: Experimental setups the asynchronous generator. Because of the direct shaft connection, the generator speed must vary on the new test rig: a four-quadrant inverter (i.e. an inverter that can work either in motor or in generator mode) is thus installed between the asynchronous generator and the grid. The inverter model is ABB ACS800. Measurements. Two additional sensors are installed: the pressure drop over the condenser and the evaporator are measured using Sensotec differential pressure sensors. Moreover, a wattmeter is added to measure the pump consumption. 3.2 Test results After the same cross-checking of the experimental results as in section 2.2 , 30 steady-state working points are measured by varying the available degrees of freedom of the test rig. Measured performance in terms of expander effectiveness and cycle efficiency is provided in Figure 20. Maximum measured cycle efficiency is 7.3%, and the maximum isentropic effectiveness is 71.1 %. These values are slightly higher than the values obtained with the first version of the test rig. Moreover, the cycle performance has been tested with much higher pressure ratios: it can be seen that for low (below 3) or high (higher than 5) pressure ratios, the effectiveness decreases. This trend is mainly explained by the under and over-expansion losses. Figure 21 shows the T-s diagram of the improved cycle. The following improvements can be stated: ➢ The pressure drops have been decreased dramatically in the condenser, which is explained by a higher working fluid density and a lower partial pressure of non-condensable gas. Figure 20: Expander isentropic effectiveness and cycle efficiency as a function of the pressure ratio 15PDF Image | Organic Rankine Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery and Solar Uses
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