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Chapter 3: Experimental setups Measuring the level in the liquid receiver is also of interest since it allows evaluating the relationship between refrigerant charge and superheating. Figure 23 shows the superheatings at the evaporator exhaust and at the condenser supply as a function of the liquid level in the tank (measured with the pump level as reference level). A clear dependency exists between the measured values: when the liquid level is low in the tank, the size of the vapor zone in the heat exchangers is reduced and the amount of superheating is reduced. The variation ranges for the main working conditions are summarized in Table 7. The main conclusion of the comparison between former and new test results are: ➢ Although smaller, the expander delivered a higher shaft power in the modified test rig. This is partly due to the higher density of HFC-245fa in vapor phase. ➢ The presence of non-condensable gas at the condenser level is stated on the new setup, but its partial pressure is generally smaller. This allowed lowering the condensing pressure 6K below the lowest one obtained on the former test rig. ➢ The net output power has been increased by 25% on the new test rig. This is explained by a higher cycle performance and by improved temperature profiles in the evaporator. ➢ The expander isentropic effectiveness has been slightly improved, most likely due to its installation in the container and to lower friction losses. Figure 23: Superheating at the condenser inlet and at the evaporator outlet as a function of the liquid level in the tank 17PDF Image | Organic Rankine Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery and Solar Uses
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