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Chapter 6: Case studies The different parameters used for the modeling of the solar collector are summarized in Table 25. ORC cycle model Plate heat exchangers. The plate heat exchangers installed on the system include the evaporator and the condenser. The sizing heat exchanger model developed in Chapter 4.2.2 is used. In single phase, the heat transfer and the pressure are computed according to Thonon’s correlation for corrugated plate heat exchangers (Thonon B. 1995). The boiling heat transfer coefficients and friction factors are estimated by the Hsieh correlation (Hsieh & T. F. Lin 2002), established for the boiling of refrigerant R410a in a vertical plate heat exchanger. The imposed parameters of the model are the hydraulic diameter ( Dh=2mm) and the chevron angle ( β=45 ° ). Scroll expander. The expander selected for the prototype is the hermetic, lubricated scroll expander tested in Chapter 3 and modeled in Chapter 4. However, the present model is a sizing model, i.e. the expander swept volume is recalculated for the imposed working conditions. For that reason, the detailed semi-empirical expander model cannot be used. The polynomial model developed in Chapter 4.2.1 is therefore selected (Eq. 26). Double-stage scroll expander. As mentioned above, volumetric expanders are optimized for a given specific volume ratio. Specific volume ratios involved in refrigeration for which the scroll compressors are designed is typically much lower than the specific volume ratios involved in ORC cycles. When the expander is obtained from a modified scroll compressor, under- expansion losses can therefore become prohibitive for high specific volume ratios (typically higher than 10). A possible solution consists in using two expanders assembled in series, as shown in Figure 77. Figure 77: Two-stage expander When sizing a double-stage expander, it is important to define carefully the two swept volumes in order to optimize the intermediate pressure p2. If the expander efficiency was only dependent on the pressure ratio, the optimal single-stage pressure ratio would be defined as the square root of the overall 8PDF Image | Organic Rankine Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery and Solar Uses
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