Organic Rankine Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery and Solar Uses

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Organic Rankine Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery and Solar Uses ( organic-rankine-cycles-waste-heat-recovery-and-solar-uses )

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Chapter 6: Case studies Figure 85: Overall efficiency for different working fluids. limit is applied, the maximum overall efficiency is 7.5% for Solkatherm and 7% for HFC-245fa. Additional parameters to the sole efficiency must be taken into account when comparing working fluids. Table 26 shows the more relevant cycle parameters for a few selected optimal points. The bold characters indicate the most advantageous value for each column. If Solkatherm is the most efficient fluid, it is also the one requiring the biggest expander, with a suction swept volume (in expander mode) of 180.7 cm3 for the second stage of expansion and an evaporating temperature of 150°C. HFC-245fa on the contrary shows very advantageous swept volumes, which could reduce the cost of the system. n- pentane must be run at very high temperature to show a good efficiency. Its required evaporator area is advantageous, but the required recuperator area is very high due to the low density and the very high pressure drops in the low-pressure vapor. Tev Δthtf ηcol ηORC ηoverall εexp V s,1 V s,2 Aev Arec °C °C % % % % cm3 cm3 m2 m2 n-pentane 189 SES36 169 SES36 150 HFC-245fa 150 HFC-245fa 109 HFC-134a 85 31.6 59.1 11.9 7.0 47.2 22.2 98.9 0.95 3.53 19.5 60.4 13.1 7.9 54.9 27.1 137.3 1.1 1.24 14.0 61.6 12.3 22.9 61.6 11.2 12.8 63.9 7.7 17.1 65.1 5.6 7.5 55.0 44.9 180.7 1.71 1.29 6.9 58.7 20.8 92.8 1.48 2.54 4.9 50.3 59.9 0 4.02 2.73 3.6 59.7 37.2 0 2.7 1.53 Table 26: Simulations results for the different working fluids. 15

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