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Chapter 6: Case studies Influence of the operating conditions The developments proposed above were conducted for nominal conditions. However, the selection of these working conditions can have a non-negligible influence on the simulation results. A parametric study is therefore performed to evaluate the influence of the nominal working conditions on the overall efficiency: this study is performed for the SES36 working fluid and an evaporating temperature imposed at 150°C (third line in Table 26). Figure 86 shows the influence of the wind speed, of the ambient temperature and of the solar beam insolation on the system performance. The influence of the wind speed is straightforward: the higher the speed, the lower the overall efficiency since the heat transfer coefficient from the collector to the ambient is increased. The same trend is stated for the beam insolation: a higher value makes the ambient losses of the collector proportionally smaller, and the overall efficiency is increased. The ambient temperature influences the cycle performance in two different ways: the ambient heat losses of the collector are increased with a lower ambient temperature, and the cycle efficiency is increased because of a lower condensing temperature. Figure 86 shows that this second influence is predominant: for a 3 to 30°C variation of the ambient temperature, the collector efficiency is increased by 2%, while the ORC cycle efficiency is decreased by 15%, resulting in a 13% decrease of the overall efficiency. Figure 86: Influence of the working conditions on the efficiency. 16PDF Image | Organic Rankine Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery and Solar Uses
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