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B Adaptation of a hermetic scroll compressor in expander mode Lubrication Beyond providing a medium to transfer power, the shaft in the compressor also acts as a rudimentary centrifugal oil pump: the oil is driven up through an off centered hole in the motor shaft. This supplies two journal bearings with oil and helps lubricate the scroll assembly. The bottom journal bearing is lubricated by pooled oil at the bottom of the compressor (Harada, 2010). The pumping driving principle being mainly based on centrifugal forces (due to the off centered hole in the shaft), the lubrication is ensured in expander mode as well as in compressor mode. Therefore, no modification is brought to the lubrication system. The scroll components themselves are lubricated with oil entrained in the refrigerant. A small oil fraction of about 1% must therefore be maintained in the inlet refrigerant at all times. Induction Generator In compressor mode, the electrical consumption is given by: W ̇ =M ̇⋅Δhs cp εs In expander mode, the electrical output is given by: W ̇ exp=εs⋅M ̇⋅Δhs (103) (104) If the isentropic power and the overall isentropic effectiveness are assumed equal in these two equations, the following relation between compression and expansion electrical power can be written: W ̇ =ε2⋅W ̇ (105) exp s cp This leads to the conclusion that the induction generator (that was designed for the compressor mode) is oversized: if the overall isentropic effectiveness is assumed to be 70%, the induction generator should be two times smaller than the one installed on the original machine. This is confirmed by the test-rig measurements: the maximum achieved output power is 2 kWe, while the maximum power of the electrical motor is about 5 kWe. Operating at such partial loads reduces the generator efficiency and should therefore be avoided. However, due to practical constraints, the replacement of the electrical generator could not be performed on the tested machine, this task being left for future works and investigations. XPDF Image | Organic Rankine Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery and Solar Uses
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