Performance Improvement Options for the Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Brayton Cycle

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Performance Improvement Options for the Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Brayton Cycle ( performance-improvement-options-supercritical-carbon-dioxide )

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5. Cycle with Intercooling An intercooling cycle configuration, in which a compressor is split into two stages with working fluid cooling between the stages, is frequently used for ideal gas Brayton cycles to reduce the overall compressional work and, therefore, increase the cycle efficiency. In the S-CO2 cycle, however, the compressional work is already small such that the benefits from the intercooling are also expected to be small. In addition, intercooling between the compressor stages reduces the temperature at the compressor outlet (recuperator inlet) such that the performance of the recuperators is expected to be affected, especially for the low temperature recuperator where the proximity to the critical point affects the performance significantly. The S-CO2 cycle developed at the Tokyo Institute of Technology is based on a minimum CO2 temperature of 35 oC, a low end pressure of 7.1 MPa that is subcritical, and utilizes intercooling between two main compressors instead of a single main compressor [7]. Figure 17 shows the cycle configuration, parameters, and performance of the S-CO2 Brayton cycle with intercooling between the main compressor stages. The intercooling pressure is selected such that the pressure ratios of the two stages of the compressor would be about the same. It is assumed that as a result of intercooling the CO2 reaches the same temperature at the second compression stage inlet as for the first stage, 31.25 oC. The CO2 flow split fraction between the main and the recompression compressors is selected to optimize the cycle efficiency. Figure 17 demonstrates that the cycle efficiency for the intercooling cycle is slightly lower than that for the reference cycle. Therefore, no benefits could be achieved by implementing the intercooling between the main compressor stages. Similar calculations show that the intercooling between the recompression compressor stages does not improve the cycle efficiency either. 32

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