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Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 4999 10 of 21 3. Results and Discussion 3.1. CFD Off-Design Pre-Analysis The design-optimization of a 60,000 rpm S-CO2 turbine were completed based on our previous research. First of all, the design-optimization approach using Gauss process regression was adopted [43]. Combined with the rapid 1-D thermal design method and the high-precision 3-D aerodynamic analysis method, the preliminary optimization design was obtained. Then, further 3-D aerodynamic optimization was carried out, mainly including inlet and outlet flow angle correction, flow matching Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW 11 of 24 of rotor and stator blades, blade profile optimization, etc. These optimization methods have achieved good results in previous research [24,44,45]. The detailed thermodynamic design parameters, geometric Table 2. Key design parameters. parameters, performance parameters, and blade profiles of the designed S-CO2 turbine are shown in Parameter Type Parameter Inlet temperature Table 2. Key design parameters. Inlet pressure Value 600 15 8 1000 60,000 16 119.7 153.2 15 6 99.7 15.9 0.2 11.38 162.2 1019 1139 89.44 Unit °C MPa Table 2. Thermodynamic parameter Thermodynamic parameter Geometric parameter Geometric parameter Performance parameter Performance parameter BladBelapdreopfirloefile Outlet pressure MPa Parameter Type Parameter Value Unit Design power ◦ kW Inlet temperature 600 C Rotating speed rpm Inlet pressure 15 MPa Number of stator blades pc. Outlet pressure 8 MPa Stator inner diameter mm Design power 1000 RotSatiantgorspoeuetder diameter 60,000 kW rpmm Number of stator blades 16 pc. Number of rotor blades pc. Stator inner diameter 119.7 mm Impeller inlet blade height mm Stator outer diameter 153.2 mm Impeller outer diameter mm Number of rotor blades 15 pc. Impeller outlet blade height mm Impeller inlet blade height 6 mm Impeller outTeripdicalmeaertearnce 99.7 mmm Impeller outlet blade height 15.9 mm Mass flow rate kg/s Tip clearance 0.2 mm Torque N·m Mass flow rate 11.38 kg/s kW Numerical power N·m kkWJ/kg Torque 162.2 NuImsenritcraolpiocweenrthalpy drop 1019 Isentropic enthalpy drop 1139 kJ/kg % % Total static efficiency Total static efficiency 89.44 Stator (blade to blade) Rotor (Meridional plan) Stator (blade to blade) Rotor (Meridional plan) FigurFeig4usrheo4wsshtohwes3t-hDem3-oDdmeloadnedl naundmneruimcaelrgicriadl gorfitdhoefSt-hCeOS2-CtuOrbitnuer.bIineth. iIsnsthuidsys,tuthdey,sitnhgelseingle 2 passapgaess(aogne (sotnateosrtpataosrsapgaessaangde oanedrontoerroptaosrsapgaes)sawgaes) uwsaesdufsoerdcafolcruclaltciounla.tIinono.rdInerotrodeimr tporiomveprtohvee the meshmqeushaliqtuya,ltihtye,HthetyHpetympesmhewshawsadsoapdtoepdteidnitnhethienilnetleatnadndouotulteltetexextetennsisoionnsseeccttiioonss,,whiletheOtype typemeshwasadopttedfforrbllaadeemeesshhiningg..Theegrriidssweerreeddeennssifiifeieddininththeetitpipclceleaararanncec,e,araorouunnddththeeblade bladeanadndnenaeratrhtehwe wallaltlotobotabitnaianccauccruatreatfleofwlowpapramraemteertse.rTs.hTehoertohrothgognoanl alnagnlegolef othfethmeemsheswhaws garseater ◦ greatehratnh1a5n,1w5°h,iwchmicheemtsetehtesrtehqeuriereqmuiernetmseonftgsriodfqguriadlitqyu.aTlhitey.STSThekS−SωTtukrb−uωlentcuermbuoldenelcewmasoadeolpted. + the tmurobduele.nTcheemcoordreslp.oTnhdeingcobroreusnpdoanrdyincogndbiotuiondsawryerecognivdeitnioancscowrdeirnegtgoivtehnethacecromroddinygnatmoicthdesign thermpoardaymnaemterics.dTehsieggnrpidarinamdepternsd.eTnhceegwriadsivnedreifipedndtoenbcaelawnacsevtheericfiaeldcutloatbioanlanacceutrhaecycaalncudlaetffiiocniency. accuracy and efficiency. The output power calculated at different grid scales was used as the evaluation basis. When the calculation error between adjacent grid scales is less than 1%, it is considered to meet the demand of calculation accuracy. The final number of selected grid nodes was 420,000. The numerical method was the same as previous research [24,43–45]. In previous research, the S-CO2 compressor with more complex flow was used for numerical verification. By comparing + was aTdhoepvtaeldu.eTohfeYvalnueearofthYe wneaallrwthaeswabaolluwt 1a,swabhoicuhtm1,ewethsitchemcaelectuslathtieoncarlecquulairtieomnernetqsuoifrethmeetnutrsbouflencePDF Image | Performance Prediction of a S-CO2 Turbine
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