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6 International Journal of Plasma Environmental Science and Technology Vol.2, No.1, MARCH 2008 figure 19) placed in the boundary layer. The performance of these devices is generally not better than riblets. The problem encountered is generally the proper drag induces by the LEBUs which finally may not produce a global reduction of the whole drag. Fig. 17. Airfoil surface with riblets. Fig. 18. Different riblets designs. Fig. 19. Example of LEBUs attached to an airfoil. B. Activecontroldevicesortechniques 1) Devicesandtechniquesdelayingtheseparation In order to avoid the separation three processes can bee tried: aspiration, blowing or use of convertible flaps. Aspiration and blowing processes could seem to be contrary but in fact they can both be used in order to delay the separation. Aspiration as we can see in figure 20 in the case of a laminar boundary layer attracts the boundary layer through the plate. This process has been tried in aeronautics. We can see the schema of the process in figure 21. Experiments made on a real plane can be seen in figure 22 (upper picture without actuation and lower picture with actuation) [11]. This process is unhappily difficult to be commonly implemented in aeronautic industry as the small holes of aspiration can very often be closed by particles. The blowing process (figure 23) increases the velocity very close to the wall in order to delay the null gradient velocity zone which is in fact the beginning of the separation. This process is the most promising for the manipulation of a laminar boundary layer. aspiration of air U∞ Fig. 20. Aspiration process. suction slit Fig. 21. Schema of suction process on a wing. Fig. 22. Suction experiments on a wing.PDF Image | Plasma actuators for aeronautics applications
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