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Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 9060 13 of 25 ∆Πteu = ∆ctPeP(x0) Exergoeconomic cost due to variations in the products and/or exergoeconomic cost of external resources + ctPe(x)∣P⟩(x) (MFt + MRt) + ctPe(x)∣P⟩(x)∆Ps (25) The difference in economic costs between the actual and reference operating conditions associated with the changes in exergy consumption by the engine (∆F ̇T) and capital and maintenance costs is given by: (∆Πe + ∆Z)tu = (∆ctPe + ∆ctPz)P(x0) + [ctPe(x) + ctPz(x)] ∣P⟩(x) (MFt + MRt) + [ctPe(x) + ctPz(x)] ∣P⟩(x)∆Ps (26) where cPz is the vector of the capital and maintenance costs per unit product. 7. Results and Discussion In this work, the residue formation cost was determined for a GE90-115B high bypass turbofan engine with a thrust requirement of 510 kN in the takeoff condition, and a malfunction analysis was also performed. The technical design data of the engine are presented in Table 5. Table 5. Technical design data of the GE90-115B [40]: component efficiencies, pressure ratios, ambient conditions, and fuel properties [21]. Thrust, Bypass Ratio, Component Efficiencies and Pressure Ratios τ β ηb ηd ηf ηc ηHPT ηLPT ηn ηfn πc πf πT ∆P (kN) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (%) 510 8.4 0.99 0.98 0.89 0.88 Ambient Conditions 0.9 0.9 0.95 0.95 25.3 1.58 40 5 Fuel Properties PCI (kJ/kg) 42,800 Exergoeconomic cost due to malfunctions Exergoeconomic cost produced by variations in the final product M Ta (-) (oC) 0.2 15 Pa (bar) 1.013 C12 H23 In the sea level static condition and maximum power setting (takeoff condition), the thermodynamic states of the engine are presented in Table A1. From this thermodynamic data, it was found that the GE90-115B high bypass turbofan engine produced a kinetic exergy rate of 89.29 MW while consuming 5.86 kg/s of Jet-A fuel. The thermal and propulsive efficiencies of the engine were estimated to be 37.48% and 37.25%, respectively. 7.1. Exergy Analysis Table 6 presents the FPR table for the analyzed aircraft engine as defined in Table 4. Each row indicates how the product of each component was distributed among the other components and the environment, either as a useful product or residue. Each column represents how the resource of a given component came from another component or from the environment [30]. In Table 6, the CC column shows how the resource of the CC was equal to 266.34 MW coming from the environment. The CC row shows that the CC product was equal to 186.59 MW, which went to the HPT (78.97 MW), LPT (59.07 MW), N (8.79 MW), and hot and chemical stacks (31.93 and 7.84 MW, respectively). A similar analysis can be made for the other components.PDF Image | Residue Cost Formation of a High Bypass Turbofan Engine
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