Stranded Renewable Energy Resources of Alaska

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Stranded Renewable Energy Resources of Alaska ( stranded-renewable-energy-resources-alaska )

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Fostering development of innovative solutions to Alaska’s energy challenges. ing energy over significant distances fall into two categories: electrical energy transmission or chemical energy trans- port. Electrical energy transmission is perhaps the more familiar and common of these two. It consists of converting the renewable energy resource into electri- cal energy, and transmitting that energy to market via electrical transmission lines. Electricity markets are connected by transmission systems. Accordingly, transmission has historically been at the center of discussion when considering the barriers to and opportunities for develop- ing stranded renewable energy resources. The cost of electrical transmission in Alaska is one of the most significant chal- lenges to developing stranded renewable energy resources. Many factors, such as permafrost and varying soil compositions, mountain ranges, rivers, limited access and extreme seasonal weather conditions, can contribute to difficult engineering and construction challenges and, ultimately, high costs. Chemical energy transport is most familiar in the context of fossil energy, primarily through the use of pipelines and marine tankers. Unlike fossil energy resources, which are har- vested as a chemical energy resource, renewable energy must first be converted into a chemical energy form that is suitable for transportation. Only then can it be transported to energy Hydroelectric power is the most abundantly developed renewable resource in the state and provides 24 percent of the electricity consumed in Alaska. Place-Based Industry An alternative approach to transporting produced energy to market is place-based industry, i.e., the development of strand- ed renewable energy resources for local use. A specific form of industry, energy- intensive industry, is a primary candidate for place-based industry. Energy-intensive industry is a general term for those indus- tries that use large amounts of heat and/ or other forms of energy to physically or chemically transform materials. These industries include, but are not limited to, aluminum smelting, mining, petroleum refinement, metal casting, the production of chemicals, steel and glass, and forest products. Technology Development A final pathway to developing Alaska’s stranded renewables is through technol- Alaska has an abundance of potential wind resources, hosting the largest area of class 7 wind power in the United States. markets via ship, pipeline or other transportation methods. With growing concerns over rising oil prices and increasing greenhouse gases, the production of alternative fuels has gained interest in order to reduce fossil fuel consumption, po- tentially stabilize energy prices, enhance energy security and offset carbon and other emissions. Some countries, especially in Asia and Europe, have begun to invest in alternative fuels such as hydrogen, ammonia and dimethyl ether (DME) to move toward a sustainable, clean energy economy. 2

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