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Stranded Renewable Energy Resources of Alaska

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Stranded Renewable Energy Resources of Alaska ( stranded-renewable-energy-resources-alaska )

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Fostering development of innovative solutions to Alaska’s energy challenges. In 2008, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) estimated the capacity of all known geothermal resources in Alaska at a mean of 677 MW over the next 30 years, with a low range of 236 MW and a high of 1,359 MW. Unidentified geothermal resources for Alaska are estimated to add an average of 1,788 MW, with a low of 537 MW and a high of 4,256 MW. Findings One transportation opportunity of particu- lar relevance to Alaska is high voltage, direct current (HVDC) transmission. HVDC transmission has often been discussed as an economical means of transporting produced power to large, distant markets such as British Columbia and the Pacific Northwest. There are substantial hurdles to consider, however, when considering HVDC as a means of transporting large- scale stranded energy sources. While HVDC lines are usually more efficient than comparable AC lines, the power conver- sion equipment used to convert AC to Total wave energy potential in Alaska is estimated to be 1,250 TWh/yr, more than 50 percent of the total potential found in the U.S. In addition to wave energy, Alaska is estimated to possess 90 percent of the tidal power in the U.S., or 109 TWh/yr. ogy development. Technology designed to harness and utilize renewable energy resources has been used for centuries and is always evolving in response to new technological break- throughs. Traditional technology for generating and transmit- ting power from renewable energy is being challenged by the remoteness of Alaska’s energy resources. As interest in devel- oping renewable energy in Alaska increases, new technological HVDC and back is generally less efficient and more expensive than AC transformers. This makes AC more cost-effective for short interties, with HVDC more favorable for longer-distance transmission applications. The high cost of an HVDC power converter also forms an economic barrier that keeps energy resources or loads located along an HVDC transmission line from easily accessing the line. 3 Smelting is the process of reducing mineral ores and concentrates to metal. Most methods involve heating the ore and concentrates with carbon to reduce the other ore compounds and, with ad- ditional refining, produce metal in a high state of purity ready for sale. Smelting is an extremely energy-intensive process. To produce a ton of aluminum it takes from 14.5 MWh to over 15 MWh. In ad- dition to high-energy demand, smelting operations require a large infrastructure (the plant itself, access roads, and ship- ping and dock facilities) and an optimized location. Proximity to global shipping routes, distance to raw material, distance to market and ease of access, including the presence of a deep water port, are all critical elements to the overall feasibility of a smelting operation. advances could expand opportunities for the development of stranded renewable resource projects in rural regions of the state.

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