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Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Gas Turbines For High- Power Generation Arkadiy Zaryankin1, Andrey Rogalev2, a), Sergey Osipov1, Vladimir Kindra3 1 Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Department of steam and gas turbines, Krasnokazarmennaya 14, Moscow, 111250. 2Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Department of Innovative Technologies of High-Tech Industries, Krasnokazarmennaya 14, Moscow, 111250. 3 Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Department of thermal power plants, Krasnokazarmennaya 14, Moscow, 111250. a)r-andrey2007@yandex.ru Abstract. A preliminary design of an axial turbine with a capacity of 400 MW for Allam cycle at an initial pressure of 30 MPa and an initial temperature of 1150 °C with a back pressure of 3 MPa is considered. The use of carbon dioxide as a working substance made it possible to create a small-sized powerful turbine, which has high efficiency both at the nominal and part-load operation conditions. To achieve such results, a novel nozzle governing scheme was used for the turbine, new control valves with zero steam leakage along the stems were developed, novel bandages were used for the blade row allowing to reduce substantially the endwall losses. The aerodynamic calculations of the turbine flow path revealed the possibility to obtain a turbine polytropic efficiency of 88.2%. Taking into account the relatively smaller blade lengths, it is a sufficiently high-performance indicator. The report also presents the thermal scheme of Allam cycle and the analyzes of its practical implementation problems. INTRODUCTION In the last 20 - 30 years, large efforts are applied to the design and improvement of alternative power sources to replace the thermal power sources. Thermal power industry also actively searches for a steam turbine, gas turbine, and combined cycle thermal efficiency improvement, which mostly concentrates on higher initial parameters of heat carrying fluids. In these terms, the Allam cycle [1] is of a considerable interest. The cycle authors claim its net efficiency of 58.9% on natural gas and 51.44% on coal including the carbon dioxide storage [2]. Paper [2] assesses a very low specific cost of this technology, which is 800 - 1000 $/kW on natural gas and 1500 - 1800 $/kW on coal gasification gas. This may be compared with 5000 $/kW for the modern combined cycle blocks with internal gasification [3]. This low installed power price for the Allam cycle is due to the compact power plant and main equipment that is achieved by a drastic pressure increase in the low potential part of this cycle. A review of the Allam cycle scheme may help in understanding the parameters estimated in [1, 2]. Figure 1 shows a simplified scheme of Natural gas burning Allam cycle. The main cycle operating fluid is the carbon dioxide. The cycle specific feature is the heat carrier high pressure in all block equipment. The fuel natural gas is supplied to the combustor after compression in the supercharger (Fig 1), the oxygen compressed up to the maximal cycle pressure is supplied after the air split unit and some working fuel, mainly carbon dioxide is supplied at the same pressure. 17th Conference of Power System Engineering, Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics AIP Conf. Proc. 2047, 020026-1–020026-6; https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5081659 Published by AIP Publishing. 978-0-7354-1773-1/$30.00 020026-1PDF Image | Supercritical CO2 gas turbines for high-power generation
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