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Supercritical Fluids and Their Application to the Recycling of High-Performance Carbon Fibre Reinforced Composite Materials

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Supercritical Fluids and Their Application to the Recycling of High-Performance Carbon Fibre Reinforced Composite Materials ( supercritical-fluids-and-their-application-recycling-high-pe )

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negative impact on early development [133-135]. Effects of the storage conditions on the release of BPA have been investigated [136], with research showing that whilst the storage conditions are an influencing factor the service conditions are dominant, such as the use of surfactants or the ability of milk to perform aminolysis [137, 138]. Solvents extraction and leaching are not exclusive to BADGE based resins used in food contact applications and these effects are significant for high-performance applications. The uptake of water into thermoset resins has been studied [139-142], and in particular, it has been shown that for butane diol diglycidyl ether (BDDGE), water permeation reduces the glass transition temperature by up to 45 K and forms hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl functional groups [143]. The stresses induced by the ingress of water into a BADGE based epoxy resin, cured with DDS, have been studied by means of Photoelastic Stress Analysis (PSA) [144]. Where comparisons have been made it is evident that the degree of crosslinking, as well as the chemical composition of the cross-linking agent, contribute to the diffusivity of solutes through the polymer matrix. For high-performance applications the physical properties, such as the toughness and tensile strength, are pivotal to use. These properties are affected by the effects discussed for food contact applications, exposure to solvents and surfactants, storage conditions, and the passage of time [145-147]. Additional factors are also present, such as loading, cyclical stressing and exposure to ultraviolet light (UV). Research presented in the literature has shown that wet ageing significantly reduces the critical stress factor after 48 h for a BADGE based epoxy resin, meaning that the material’s ability to resist propagation of cracks is degraded [148]. It was demonstrated that the moisture content nearest to the defected 47

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