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area was of greater influence than the moisture content throughout the sample. Further studies confirm the relationship between moisture ageing and significant reductions in the critical stress factor, for toughened epoxy blends the reduction was observed after 168 h [149]. Attempts have been made to model the uptake of moisture by a cured BADGE based epoxy resin, results showing that hydrolysis takes place with temperatures as low as 323 K [150]. Thermo-oxidative ageing of a cured BADGE based resin at 343 – 423 K, in the absence of an applied moisture content, shows that degradation of the polymer properties takes place by radical formation [151]. Radical formation through exposure to radiation is widely studied for many materials and is of interest to epoxy resins given their application in the nuclear industry. Radiochemical (γ-irradiation) ageing of amino cured BADGE based resins leads to a slight increase of water uptake, as well as a proportionally increased hyperoxide concentration [152], but does not lead to substantial degradation of the polymer properties and is less significant than thermal and hydrothermal ageing effects [153]. Conversely, radiochemical ageing of an amine cured tris-(hydroxyl phenyl)-methane based resin (Tactix), which could be considered a substituted or derivatised BADGE based resin, showed a considerable reduction in physical properties for comparable received doses [154]. It is noteworthy that the dose rates are dissimilar (2 - 20 kGy h-1 and 4 kGy h-1) and comparisons are made based on the dose received by the samples. Whilst a kinetic model of the radiochemical ageing process is presented [155], the disparity between the BADGE and Tactix based resins is not reported and could be a result of the dose rate used, the pre- polymer structure or a combination of both. Resistance to electron radiation is less profound. Irradiation in inert atmospheres leads to radical formation and in the presence of oxygen leads to chain-scission and oxidation [156, 157]. As demonstrated, the properties of the cured resin are dependent on the cross-linking agent used and therefore it is expected 48PDF Image | Supercritical Fluids and Their Application to the Recycling of High-Performance Carbon Fibre Reinforced Composite Materials
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