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available for recycling CFRP’s will be discussed, in conjunction with their specific attributes regarding the fibres and the polymer matrix. 2.5.3. Recycling CFRP's The recycling technologies for CFRP’s may be broadly categorised into three types, mechanical, thermal and chemical processes. Each type of process may be sub-divided into specific technologies, each having its attributes. However, to date examples of industrial scale processes are extremely limited due to the predominant disposal route for composite materials being landfill, usually based on economic concerns. This consensus is contrary to the EU Waste Management Hierarchy, where disposal to landfill is the least preferred option [261]. Legislation passed by the European Commission, enforceable as of 2015, aims to severely reduce the quantities of composite materials disposed of via landfill owing to the long lasting environmental impact associated with this route [262, 263]. An economic incentive usually encourages commercial entities to consider the recycling of materials and it is therefore expected that the recycling of CFRP’s will be an area of significant growth in the near future. The objective of composite materials recycling is to separate the reinforcement fibres from the polymer matrix, characterise the fibres and the resin degradation products (if applicable) and then find a suitable application for the recycled material. The recycling of composites in general covers a vast range of materials and the recycling objectives vary according to the composite under consideration. For example, in GFRP’s the reinforcement is relatively inexpensive and recovery of the resin is the prime objective whereas the inverse is true for CFRP’s. An economically viable and environmentally sustainable recycling process for GFRP’s may not be a suitable process for 64PDF Image | Supercritical Fluids and Their Application to the Recycling of High-Performance Carbon Fibre Reinforced Composite Materials
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