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application of HV fragmentation to high-performance composite materials is ongoing, such as the fragmentation of PEEK composite materials [278]. Thermal Recycling Process Technologies Contrary to mechanical recycling processes, thermal processes offer the opportunity to completely remove the polymer matrix from the fibres and as such isolated carbon fibres are attainable. Pyrolysis – Fluidised and Fixed Bed Reactors Pyrolysis is the process of thermally decomposing a material in an inert atmosphere, preventing the oxidation of the volatile products and producing pyrolysis oils and synthesis gasses. Depending upon the conditions and feedstock used, it is possible to produce synthesis gas, pyrolysis oil and combustible solid residue simultaneously. Indirect heating of the material is often carried out, although it is not necessarily the only option. Pyrolysis has been used extensively in biofuel from biomass research [279, 280]. The use of catalysts in pyrolysis reactions is commonplace [281-283], as is the use of both fixed bed [284, 285] and fluidised bed reactors [286, 287]. Fluidised bed pyrolysis has been applied to both GFRP’s and CFRP’s, however in the case of GFRP’s the temperatures required to remove the polymer matrix are often sufficient to cause a collapse of the macro-porous structure of the fibres and subsequent loss of mechanical properties [288]. Similar temperatures are required to pyrolyse CFRP’s (823 K) and GFRP’s (723 K), however carbon fibres are less susceptible to temperature induced degradation and consequently the recovered fibres retain a greater proportion of their mechanical properties [261]. Pyrolysis provides an 68PDF Image | Supercritical Fluids and Their Application to the Recycling of High-Performance Carbon Fibre Reinforced Composite Materials
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