Supercritical Fluids and Their Application to the Recycling of High-Performance Carbon Fibre Reinforced Composite Materials

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Supercritical Fluids and Their Application to the Recycling of High-Performance Carbon Fibre Reinforced Composite Materials ( supercritical-fluids-and-their-application-recycling-high-pe )

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which PEEK may undergo changes to the physical properties without altering the chemical structure. To identify the impact of using scCO2 to process PEEK it is necessary to generate amorphous PEEK samples thereby ensuring the absence of crystalline regions. Generation of Amorphous PEEK Samples To generate amorphous PEEK 150PF and 450PF samples several milligrams of PEEK, obtained from Victrex Plc, were measured out into a pre weighed 40 μl Aluminium Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) pan, supplied by Mettler Toledo. The mass of the DSC pans was determined by using a Sartorius R160P Research balance (standard deviation, ≤ ± 0.02 mg). The DSC pan was then placed inside a ceramic bowl which was subsequently placed inside a Carbolite furnace. The furnace heating programme was designed to heat at 50 K min-1 from ambient temperature to a final temperature of 673 K, the final temperature being maintained for 20 minutes to allow for thermal equilibration between the PEEK and furnace. At the end of this period the ceramic bowl, containing the DSC pan, was removed from the furnace. The DSC pan was immediately removed from the ceramic bowl and quenched into a beaker containing ice water. The cooling water supplied a cooling rate in excess of 10,000 K min-1, preventing the arrangement of polymer chains into crystalline regions within the bulk polymer. The PEEK sample was subjected to the ice water for a minimum of 5 minutes before being removed and dried in a Fisons Drying Cabinet maintained at 313 K for 120 minutes. Since the mass of the DSC pan was taken prior to generation of the sample, the sample mass was determined by difference. The PEEK sample and the DSC pan were not separated at any point post melt processing. 83

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