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The Popel Report 243 Without erring, it can furthermore be assumed that the Weissbach basic equation for frictional loss in pipes should also apply with outputs greater than 0.2 1/s, if at the inlet to the test pipes the formation of torsional motion could be prevented. Hence it is possible further to extend the parabola for the friction levels of the form h = 118 x q = 0.2 l/s. The differences in the ordinates between these parabolas and the q - h lines of the three test pipes, then represent the reduction in the amounts of friction normally applicable and as a consequence of this, can also be defined as the amounts of suction that the in-winding flowing motion of the water creates and which, as described above, form the basis for the calculation of the suction capacity. To illustrate these trains of thought, the amounts of suction based on the output were plotted in graph form in Diagram 10. With their aid the suction capacities A were determined, which in Diagram 11 were likewise plotted as q - A curves based on the output. In the case of the glass pipe, the suction capacity constantly increases towards A = 850 cm g/s up to an output of q = 300 cm3/s. The copper pipe, however, under the same delivery volume, now develops a suction capacity of A = 1860 cm g/s. The material of the pipe has thus intensified the suction capacity exerted on the water by 1860 - 850 = 1010 cm g/s. With an output of 310 cm3/s the suction capacity of the spiral helicoid pipe reaches its maxi- mum value in the examined area of measurement, where A = 310 x 11.1 = 3450 cm g/s. It is therefore 4.05 times as large as that of the glass pipe and 1.85 times larger than that of the straight copper pipe. The course of the q - h and q - A lines in respect of the three test pipes shown in Diagrams 10 and 11 makes the rhythmical fluctuation of increasing, constant and decreasing amounts of suction with increasing output clearly apparent. In the zones of increasing amounts of suction and suction capacity, the amount of suction arising from the multiple in-winding flowing motion of the water is always greater than the amount of friction to which, according to the Weissbach principle, the normal turbulent flow processes in pipes would give rise. The interpretation and evaluation of the observations selected above hence also permit the hypothetical conclusion, that the synchronisation of the kinetic energy of the flowing water generates more energy due to the spiralling and twisting of the pipes than is required to overcome the frictional losses obtaining. A constantly increasing acceleration of the motion of the water would therefore have to occur. This acceleration, however, cannot assume unlimited proportions, since the zones of increasing amounts of suction and suction capacity are repeatedly interrupted by those of constant and decreasing suction capacity. These inter- ruptions only occur, when the optimum synchronisation of all the flow processes is exceeded, leading to the accentuation of the dynamic translatoryPDF Image | The Energy Evolution
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